Abstract:

Alveolar bone is an important factor for the stability of teeth. Once destroyed，it will cause the loss of teeth and other complications. All of these have serious implications on the oral and general health. There are many factors causing the loss of alveolar bone，including oral and systemic factors. This article will analyze the oral factors which cause the loss of alveolar bone and describe the methods of preservation and reconstruction of the alveolar bone.

Key words: alveolar bone, bone loss, preservation, reconstruction

摘要：

牙槽骨是颌骨中包绕牙根周围的突起部分，一旦缺损或缺失，将会导致牙齿的松动或丧失，从而产生一系列的并发症，对口腔及全身健康状况产生重大影响。导致牙槽骨缺损或缺失的原因包括全身因素及口腔局部因素。本文主要对导致牙槽骨缺损或缺失的口腔局部原因及如何避免因局部原因引起的牙槽骨缺损或缺失进行阐述，并对牙槽骨缺损后的修复及再生方法加以说明，以期为临床工作者在处理相关问题时提供帮助。

关键词: 牙槽骨, 缺损, 保存, 重建